Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT) has long been used in hospitals for treating specific medical conditions — but in recent years, it has gained traction in the wellness and recovery world. From athletes seeking faster recovery to people looking for longevity support, HBOT is often marketed as a “miracle therapy.”
But what does the science actually say? Let’s explore the evidence, separating proven clinical benefits from unproven wellness claims.
What Is Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy?
HBOT involves breathing 100% oxygen in a pressurised chamber, typically between 1.5 and 3.0 ATA (atmospheres absolute). The increased pressure allows more oxygen to dissolve into the bloodstream, tissues, and even hard-to-reach areas of the body.
This oxygen-rich environment is thought to support healing, reduce inflammation, and improve recovery.
Clinically Proven Benefits of HBOT
Research shows HBOT is an evidence-based treatment for several conditions approved by regulators such as the FDA and recognised in NZ clinical settings:
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Wound Healing – Chronic wounds, diabetic ulcers, and radiation tissue damage benefit from improved oxygen delivery (Johns Hopkins Medicine).
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Decompression Sickness – Essential for divers with “the bends.”
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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning – Rapidly flushes carbon monoxide from the bloodstream.
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Infections – Effective in some severe infections where oxygen-starved tissue needs help recovering.
The therapeutic mechanism is well established: higher oxygen levels accelerate angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation), collagen synthesis, and immune system function (NIH).
Investigated but Not Yet Proven
Beyond clinical conditions, HBOT is being studied for:
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Neurological Recovery – Early evidence suggests potential benefits for traumatic brain injury and stroke patients, though results are mixed (Frontiers in Neurology).
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Sports Performance & Recovery – Some studies show faster muscle recovery and reduced fatigue, but evidence remains limited and variable (Sports Medicine – Open).
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Longevity & Anti-Ageing – Preliminary research in Israel suggested HBOT may lengthen telomeres (a marker of cellular ageing), though further replication is needed (Aging, 2020).
These areas remain experimental — promising but not conclusive.
Risks & Safety Considerations
While HBOT is generally safe when supervised, it carries risks:
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Barotrauma – Ear or sinus pain due to pressure changes.
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Oxygen Toxicity – Seizures can occur with prolonged exposure at high pressures.
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Contraindications – People with untreated pneumothorax, lung conditions, or certain ear disorders should avoid HBOT.
A 2023 systematic review confirmed that side effects are rare but possible, especially at higher pressures (Frontiers in Medicine).
What This Means for You
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For Clinical Conditions: HBOT is a trusted, evidence-based treatment delivered in hospitals and clinics.
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For Wellness & Recovery: While many claims are intriguing, more robust science is needed.
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For Athletes & Biohackers: HBOT may accelerate recovery, but benefits are not guaranteed.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is HBOT safe for healthy people?
Yes, in most cases — but it should always be supervised and medically cleared.
Can HBOT reverse ageing?
Early studies suggest it may affect cellular ageing markers, but the evidence is preliminary.
How many sessions do you need?
Protocols vary — clinical treatments often require 20–40 sessions.
Are soft-shell chambers effective?
They can provide mild benefits but are not equivalent to hard-shell clinical chambers.
HBOT is a powerful therapy with well-documented medical applications. While the wellness and performance world is excited by its possibilities, the science is still catching up. If you’re considering HBOT, look for NZ providers that operate under medical supervision, and make sure your goals align with what the evidence currently supports.